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Due to tremendous worldwide changes, the entrepreneurial imperativedemands innovation. Therefore, companies as well as employees require inno-vative thinking and acting skills to cope with modern challenges. OpportunityRecognition represents the starting point for such entrepreneurial endeavours.Hence, this paper focuses on modelling Opportunity Recognition as well as thedevelopment of an Opportunity Recognition competence model as the founda-tion for teaching and learning in vocational education. Building on vocationalsituations that trigger innovations (opportunities) and the necessary competencefacets that are needed to apply competent vocational behaviour in such situa-tions (Opportunity Recognition), we conduct a systematic literature review anddevelop a comprehensive Opportunity Recognition competence model. Wethereby link the found vocational situations (opportunities) with the found moreabstract and latent competence facets of Opportunity Recognition andoperationalise them by more observable indicators, which can be construed asevidence for the latent construct and related to successful performance inassociated vocational situations. This modelling procedure ofBevidence-basedreasoning^allows inferences from the observed behaviour to the underlying,although not directly observable, Opportunity Recognition competence. Theresulting Opportunity Recognition competence model may serve as a foundationfor developing evidence-based curricular goals for vocational education throughboth instruction and assessmen