Notwithstanding all efforts made to eliminate racism from European football, UEFA case law over recent years shows that spectator-related racism incidents in European football are still the order of the day. Several cases have been published with regard to alleged discriminating or racist conduct of football supporters. This year the UEFA Control and Ethics Body sanctioned Feyenoord for racist behaviour of their fans after an inflatable banana was thrown on the field in the Europa League match against AS Roma. In light of this particular case, the author of this article made an analysis of how racist behaviour of football fans should be established under the UEFA Disciplinary Regulations and the applicable case law of the
UEFA Appeals Body.

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