Since Taiwanese readers have international andmulticultural reading interests and habits, this study aims todevelop a Chinese title recognition test, a translated titlerecognition test (TTRT), and a Chinese author recognitiontest as measures of print exposure for fifth graders inTaiwan, and to investigate the relative extent to whichprint-exposure scores, diary estimates of reading time,reading attitude, and activity preference help predict per-formance on number of Chinese characters recognized andreading comprehension score. The sample consisted of 318(153 boys and 165 girls) fifth graders in 11 classes fromthree elementary schools in Northern Taiwan. Data ana-lysis was performed by Pearson moments correlation andhierarchical regression analysis. We found that, TTRT andTRT composite scores had substantial prediction power forvocabulary size beyond the book-reading time estimatesand print-disposition variables, and for reading compre-hension beyond vocabulary size, the book-reading timeestimates, and print-disposition variables. Our findingscorroborate those of previous Western studies on thelinkage between print exposure and reading abilities. At thesame time, they invite more conversation about evaluatingthe various instruments used in the area of reading habits,reading disposition, and print exposure, and provide

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• Print Exposure of Taiwanese Fifth Graders: Measurementand Prediction19