The work function (WF) of indium-tin-oxide
(ITO) substrates plays an important role on the inverted
organic photovoltaic device performance. And electrode
engineering has been a useful method to facilitate carrier
extraction or charge collection to enhance organic photo-
voltaic (OPV) performance. By using self-assembly
technique, we have deposited poly(dimethyl diallylammo-
nium chloride) (PDDA) layers onto ITO coated glass
substrates. The results indicate that the surface WF of ITO
is reduced by about 0.3 eV after PDDA modification,
which is attributed to the modulation in electron affinity. In
addition, the surface roughness of ITO substrate became
smaller after PDDA modification. These modified ITO
substrates can be applied to fabricate inverted OPVs, in
which ITO works as the cathode to collect electrons. As a
result, the photovoltaic performance of inverted OPV is
substantially improved, mainly reflecting on the increase of
short circuit current density.

EB00000002236K

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• ITO surface modification for inverted organic photovoltaics