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UPA Perpustakaan Universitas Jember

Security, Nature and Mercantilism in the Early British Empire

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The emergence of an extensive transnational discourse of ´security´ was intrinsic to the self-understanding of the emerging British Empire as such, which was mostly concerned with military and naval defensive power. Though the awareness and consciousness of the environment´s vulnerability in the sense of a pre-romantic conservation of nature as such, has been identified by environmental history also as a part of early British imperial communication, it was seldom associated with ´security´. Early elements of ´environmental security´ can only be found where the infrastructure of that expanding empire was concerned within four fields: (1) natural disasters—foremost dearth, droughts and their impact on the shortage of the grain supply; (2) shortages of wood, to which the shipbuilding industry and thereby the security infrastructure itself were highly sensitive; (3) concepts of climate and acclimatization applied to agricultural theories as far as one may discern a link to ´security´; (4) humans as part of nature as they were addressed mostly within populationist discourse. We might, therefore, detect here the imperial roots of environmental security—not in the sense of a necessary teleological unfolding, but in the meaning of a perhaps unexpected, side-stepping form of relationship between the periods.

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