The international community has yet to develop a broadly accepted philo- sophical rationale for the extraterritorial adjudication of war crimes. Instead, several jus- tifications exist in a state of tension that produces uncertainties in the applicable legal doctrines and policies. This article explains how the competition between the ‘‘atrocities’’ approach on the one hand, and the statist and humanitarian rationales on the other, causes instability in the regime. It advocates for increased attention to the philosophical grounding of extraterritorial war crimes trials, particularly in light of the increasing frequency of such trials before international courts as well as national courts exercising universal jurisdiction.

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• Justifying Extraterritorial War Crimes Trials