Transitional justice is broadly understood to refer to formal efforts to deal withpast wrongs in the midst of a transition from an extended period of conflict or repression todemocracy. In this paper, I consider the role of international criminal trials in transitionaljustice. I argue that such trials may contribute to transitional justice, but such contributionsare conditional on two main factors. The first factor is time. The second factor is what othertransitional justice responses are adopted domestically.

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• International Criminal Trials and the Circumstances of Justic